°¡Á¤¹ýÀ̶õ?

¿µ¾î¿¡¼ ¸»ÇÏ´Â ¹ý(mood)Àº ¸»ÇÏ´Â ¸¶À½ÀÇ »óÅ¿¡ µû¶ó¼ µ¿»ç¸¦ ´Ù¸£°Ô Ç¥ÇöÇÏ´Â °ÍÀ» ÀǹÌÇÕ´Ï´Ù.
¹ý(mood)ÀÇ Á¾·ù´Â ´ÙÀ½°ú °°½À´Ï´Ù.
- ÀÖ´Â »ç½ÇÀ» ±×´ë·Î ¸»ÇÏ´Â Á÷¼³¹ý(Indicative mood)
- ¸í·ÉÁ¶·Î ¸»ÇÏ´Â ¸í·É¹ý(Imperative mood)
- »ç½Ç°ú ¹Ý´ë·Î ¸»ÇÏ¸é¼ ¾Æ½¬¿òÀ» ´ã´Â °¡Á¤¹ý(Subjunctive mood)
°¡Á¤¹ýÀº ¿ì¸®¸»¿¡´Â ¾ø´Â ¿µ¾î¸¸ÀÇ µ¶Æ¯ÇÑ Ç¥Çö¹æ¹ýÀÔ´Ï´Ù. ±×·¡¼ °¡Á¤¹ýÀÇ °ø½Ä¸¸À» ±â°èÀûÀ¸·Î ¾Ï±âÇϱ⠺¸´Ù´Â °¡Á¤¹ýÀ¸·Î Ç¥ÇöÇÏ´Â ÀÌÀ¯¸¦ ÀÌÇØÇØ¾ß ÇÕ´Ï´Ù.
°¡Á¤¹ý¿¡´Â ¾Æ½¬¿òÀÌ ´ã±ä´Ù.
°¡Á¤¹ýÀ» »ç¿ëÇÏ´Â ÀÌÀ¯´Â ÇöÀ糪 °ú°Å¿¡ ÀÌ·çÁö ¸øÇÑ ¾Æ½¬¿òÀ» Ç¥ÇöÇϱâ À§ÇÔÀÔ´Ï´Ù.
¸ÕÀú Á÷¼³¹ýÀ¸·Î ´ÙÀ½°ú °°Àº ¹®ÀåÀÌ ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù.
As he is not rich, he can't go abroad.
±×´Â ºÎÀÚ°¡ ¾Æ´Ï±â ¶§¹®¿¡ ÇØ¿Ü·Î °¥ ¼ö ¾ø´Ù.
±×°¡ ÇØ¿Ü¿¡ °¥ ¼ö ¾ø´Ù´Â »ç½Ç¸¸À» Àü´ÞÇϰí ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù.
ÀÌ ¹®ÀåÀ» ¾Æ½¬¿î ¸¶À½À» ´ã¾Æ¼ °¡Á¤¹ýÀ¸·Î Ç¥ÇöÇÏ¸é ¾Æ·¡¿Í °°ÀÌ Ç¥ÇöÇÒ ¼ö°¡ ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù.
If he were rich, he could go abroad.
±×°¡ ºÎÀÚ¶ó¸é ÇØ¿Ü·Î °¥¼ö ÀÖÀ»ÅÙµ¥.
³»¿ëÀûÀ¸·Î º¸¸é Á÷¼³¹ý°ú ºñ½ÁÇÏÁö¸¸ ¸»ÇÏ´Â ÀÌÀÇ ½ÉÀû»óÅ´ ´Ù¸¨´Ï´Ù.
°¡Á¤¹ýÀº ÀÌó·³ ¾Æ½¬¿î ¸¶À½À̳ª ¼Ò¸Á µîÀ» ´ãÀ»¶§ »ç¿ëÇÕ´Ï´Ù.
°¡Á¤¹ýÀÇ °ø½Ä
°¡Á¤¹ýÀ» ¸¸µå´Â ¹æ¹ýÀº if¹®À» »ç¿ëÇØ¼ Á¾¼ÓÀýÀ» ¸¸µé°í, ÁÖÀý¿¡´Â Á¶µ¿»çÀÇ °ú°ÅÇüÀ» »ç¿ëÇÏ´Â °ÍÀÔ´Ï´Ù.
- if¹®À» »ç¿ëÇØ¼ Á¾¼ÓÀý ¸¸µé±â : If he were rich,
- ÁÖÀý¿¡´Â Á¶µ¿»çÀÇ °ú°ÅÇüÀ» »ç¿ëÇϱâ : he could go abroad.
¿©±â¿¡ °¡Á¤¹ýÀº Á÷¼³¹ýº¸´Ù ÇѽÃÁ¦ ÀÌÀü ½ÃÁ¦·Î Ç¥ÇöÇÑ´Ù´Â Á¡ÀÌ Ãß°¡µË´Ï´Ù.
Á÷¼³¹ý¿¡¼ ÇöÀç ½ÃÁ¦°¡ »ç¿ëµÇ¾ú´Ù¸é °¡Á¤¹ý¿¡¼´Â °ú°Å ½ÃÁ¦°¡ »ç¿ëµË´Ï´Ù.(ÇöÀç »ç½ÇÀ» ¸»ÇÒ¶§´Â °¡Á¤¹ý °ú°Å)
- Á÷¼³¹ý is °¡Á¤¹ý were
- Á÷¼³¹ý can °¡Á¤¹ý could
Á÷¼³¹ý¿¡¼ °ú°Å ½ÃÁ¦°¡ »ç¿ëµÇ¾ú´Ù¸é °¡Á¤¹ý¿¡¼´Â °ú°Å¿Ï·á ½ÃÁ¦°¡ »ç¿ëµË´Ï´Ù.(°ú°Å »ç½ÇÀ» ¸»ÇÒ¶§´Â °¡Á¤¹ý °ú°Å¿Ï·á)
- Á÷¼³¹ý was °¡Á¤¹ý had been
- Á÷¼³¹ý could °¡Á¤¹ý could have pp
°¡Á¤¹ý°ú Á¶µ¿»çÀÇ °ú°ÅÇü
Á¶µ¿»çÀÇ Á¾·ù¿¡¼ ¿ì¸®°¡ ÈçÈ÷ Á¶µ¿»ç¶ó°í ÇÏ´Â ¼¹ýÁ¶µ¿»ç(modal verb)´Â ÈÀÚÀÇ ½ÉÀûŵµ¸¦ ³ªÅ¸³½´Ù°í ÇÏ¿´½À´Ï´Ù.
°¡Á¤¹ý ¿ª½Ã ÈÀÚÀÇ ½ÉÀûŵµ¸¦ ³ªÅ¸³»±â À§Çؼ »ç¿ëµÇ±â ¶§¹®¿¡ °¡Á¤¹ýÀÇ ÁÖÀý¿¡¼´Â ¹Ýµå½Ã Á¶µ¿»çÀÇ °ú°ÅÇüÀÌ »ç¿ëµË´Ï´Ù.
°¡Á¤¹ý °ú°Å¿¡¼´Â Á¶µ¿»çÀÇ °ú°Å(would, could, should, might)°¡ »ç¿ëµÇ°í, °¡Á¤¹ý °ú°Å¿Ï·á¿¡¼´Â Á¶µ¿»ç °ú°Å + have pp ÇüÅ·Π»ç¿ëµË´Ï´Ù.
If he had not been sick yesterday, he could have attended the party.
¸¸¾à ±×°¡ ¾îÁ¦ ¾ÆÇÁÁö ¾Ê¾Ò¾ú´õ¶ó¸é, ÆÄƼ¿¡ Âü¼®Çß¾úÀ»ÅÙµ¥.
if Á¶°ÇÀý°ú °¡Á¤¹ý
Á¶°ÇÀý°ú °¡Á¤¹ý ¸ðµÎ ifÀýÀ» Æ÷ÇÔÇϰí ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù. ¿µ¾î±Ç ¹®¹ý¿¡¼´Â À̸¦ zero ~ third Á¶°ÇÀý·Î ¹¾î¼ ¼³¸íÇÕ´Ï´Ù.
if Á¶°ÇÀý | Zero | if + ´Ü¼øÇöÀç, ´Ü¼øÇöÀç |
First | if + ´Ü¼øÇöÀç, ¹Ì·¡ | |
°¡Á¤¹ý | Second(°¡Á¤¹ý °ú°Å) | if + °ú°Å, would + µ¿»ç¿øÇü |
Third(°¡Á¤¹ý °ú°Å¿Ï·á) | if + °ú°Å¿Ï·á, would have + p.p |
if Á¶°ÇÀýÀº Á¶°ÇÀÌ ÃæÁ·µÇ¸é °á°ú°¡ ¹ß»ýÇÏ´Â °ÍÀÔ´Ï´Ù. Á¶°ÇÀÌ ÃæÁ·µÇ¸é ÇöÀç °á°ú°¡ ³ªÅ¸³ª¸é(¹Ù·Î °á°ú°¡ ³ªÅ¸³ª¸é) Zero Conditional, °á°ú°¡ ¹Ì·¡¿¡ ³ªÅ¸³´Ù¸é First ConditionalÀÌ µË´Ï´Ù.
If you touch a fire, you get burned.
ºÒÀ» ¸¸Áö¸é È»óÀ» ÀԴ´Ù.
- °á°ú°¡ ÇöÀç¿¡ ³ªÅ¸³²(¹Ù·Î ³ªÅ¸³²)
- Zero Conditional
If it rains, I won't go to the beach.
ºñ°¡¿À¸é, ÇØº¯¿¡ °¡Áö ¾ÊÀ»°Å¾ß.
- °á°ú°¡ ¹Ì·¡¿¡ ³ªÅ¸³²
- First Conditional
- ½Ã°£/Á¶°ÇÀÇ ºÎ»çÀý¿¡¼ ¹Ì·¡ ½ÃÁ¦ ´ë½Å ´Ü¼øÇöÀç Âü°í
°¡Á¤¹ýÀº Çö½ÇÀûÀ¸·Î ÀÌ·ïÁö±â ¾î·Á¿î(Çö½Ç°ú ¹Ý´ëÀÎ) °¡Á¤À» Çϰí ÀÌ¿¡´ëÇØ ¾Æ½¬¿òÀ» Ç¥ÇöÇÏ´Â °ÍÀÔ´Ï´Ù. ÇöÀ縦 °¡Á¤Çϸé Second Conditional(°¡Á¤¹ý °ú°Å), °ú°Å¸¦ °¡Á¤Çϸé Third Conditional(°¡Á¤¹ý °ú°Å¿Ï·á)ÀÌ µË´Ï´Ù.
If I knew her phone number, I would call her.
±×³àÀÇ ÀüÈ ¹øÈ£¸¦ ¾È´Ù¸é ±×³à¿¡°Ô ÀüÈÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖÀ»°Çµ¥.
- ÇöÀç »óȲÀ» °¡Á¤ Second Conditional(°¡Á¤¹ý °ú°Å)
If he had studied, he would have passed the exam.
±×°¡ °øºÎ¸¦ Çß´Ù¸é ½ÃÇè¿¡ ÇÕ°ÝÇßÀ»ÅÙµ¥.
- °ú°Å »óȲÀ» °¡Á¤ Third Conditional(°¡Á¤¹ý °ú°Å¿Ï·á)